ʻŌlelo Interlingua

ʻO ʻŌlelo Interlingua kahi ʻōlelo kōkua honua (IAL) i kūkulu ʻia ma waena o 1937 a me 1951 e ka American International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). Aia ia ma waena o nā IAL i hoʻohana nui ʻia a ʻo ia ka IAL kūlohelohe maoli i hoʻohana nui ʻia - ʻo ia hoʻi, kēlā mau IAL nona nā huaʻōlelo, piliʻōlelo, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i loaʻa mai nā ʻōlelo kūlohelohe, ma mua o ka hoʻolālā ʻia ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo ka palapala Interlingua i (kakau ʻia) hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka Interlingua e nā haneli miliona o ka poʻe e ʻōlelo nei i nā ʻōlelo Romance, ʻoiai he mau haneli wale nō ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia.

Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo Interlingua e hoʻohui i ka grammar maʻalahi, ka hapa nui maʻamau me kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau i ka laulā ākea o nā ʻōlelo ʻEulopa komohana, e maʻalahi loa ke aʻo ʻana, no ka poʻe nona nā ʻōlelo ʻōiwi i kumu o nā huaʻōlelo a me ka piliʻōlelo o Interlingua. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he hoʻolauna wikiwiki i nā ʻōlelo kūlohelohe.

ʻO ka inoa Interlingua mai ka Latin huaʻōlelo inter, ʻo ia hoʻi "ma waena", a me ka lingua, ʻo ia hoʻi "ka ʻōlelo" a i ʻole "ka ʻōlelo". Ua like kēia mau morphemes ma Interlingua, no laila ʻo "Interlingua" ke ʻano "ma waena o ka ʻōlelo".

Piliʻōlelo

Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo Interlingua no ka haʻalele ʻana i kekahi hiʻohiʻona grammatical i loaʻa ʻole mai kekahi ʻōlelo mana kumu. No laila, ʻaʻohe ʻaelike noun–adjective ma Interlingua ma ke kāne, hihia, a helu paha (cf. Spanish and Portuguese gatas negras or Italian gate nere, 'black female cats'), no ka mea, ʻaʻole kēia mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. , a ʻaʻohe ona mau huaʻōlelo holomua (English I am reading), no ka mea, ʻaʻole lākou mai Palani. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Interlingua i nā inoa ʻokoʻa mai nā nouns plural no ka mea, hana nā ʻōlelo mana a pau. E pili ana i nā ʻōlelo mana lua, aia nā ʻatikala ma Interlingua, ʻaʻole like me ka Lūkini.

ʻO ka ʻatikala maopopo ʻo "le" ʻaʻole i loli, e like me ka ʻōlelo Pelekane. ʻAʻohe ʻano kāne o nā huaʻōlelo. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā plural ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka "-s" a i ʻole "-es" ma hope o ka consonant hope. Lawe ʻia nā haʻi inoa pilikino i hoʻokahi ʻano no ke kumuhana a hoʻokahi no ka mea pololei a me ka reflexive. I ke kolu o ke kanaka, he 'se' mau ka reflexive. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā adverbs mai nā adjectives ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka -mente, a i ʻole "-amente" ma hope o ka "-c". Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi adverb mai kekahi huaʻōlelo ma kēia ʻano.

Hoʻokahi ʻano o nā huaʻōlelo no nā kānaka a pau (io vive, tu vive, illa vive, 'I live', 'you live', 'she lives'). Ua like ka indicative (pare, 'appear', 'appears') me ka imperative (pare! 'appear!'), a ʻaʻohe subjunctive. ʻEkolu mau huaʻōlelo maʻamau e lawe i nā ʻano pōkole i kēia manawa: "es" no ka 'is', 'am', 'are;' 'ha for 'loa'a', 'loa'a;' a me 'va no ka 'hele', 'hele'. Loaʻa kekahi mau huaʻōlelo maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻEhā mau manaʻo maʻalahi (i kēia manawa, i hala, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, a me ke kūlana), ʻekolu mau manawa hui (i hala, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, a me ke kūlana), a me ka leo passive. Hoʻohana nā hale hui i kahi mea kōkua a me ka infinitive a i ʻole ka participle i hala (e laʻa, Ille ha arrivate, 'Ua hiki mai ʻo ia'). Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā manaʻo maʻalahi a me ka hui pū ʻana ma nā ʻano like ʻole e hōʻike i nā manaʻo paʻakikī (e laʻa, Nos haberea morite, 'Ua make mākou').

ʻO ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo ke kumuhana–verb–object, koe wale nō ka huaʻōlelo kikoʻī a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo hoʻohālikelike ma mua o ka huaʻōlelo (io les vide, 'ʻIke wau iā lākou'). Hiki i nā huaʻōlelo ke hele ma mua a hahai paha i nā inoa a lākou e hoʻololi ai, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hahai ʻana.

Ua wehewehe ʻia ka grammar o Interlingua e like me nā ʻōlelo Romance, akā maʻalahi loa, ma lalo o ka mana o ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka grammar Interlingua me nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi o ka Kepanī a me ka ʻōlelo Kina.

He ʻōmuku kēia mea. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, e kōkua mai i ka holomua ʻana i kēia mea.