Nā Polenekia

ʻO ka lāhui Polenekia kekahi lāhui o nā kānaka ʻōiwi pili kokoke o Polenekia (nā mokupuni o ka Huinakolu Polenekia), kekahi wahi pana nui o Oceania i ka Moana Pakipika. ʻO nā mokupuni o ʻĀkia Kauliki kekahi wahi molekumu no kēia mau kānaka, a he ʻāpana lākou o ka lāhui Austronesia, me Taiuana ko lākou kuakahi. ʻŌlelo lākou i nā ʻŌlelo Polenekia, he lālā o nā ʻōlelo Oceania o nā ʻŌlelo Austronesia.

I ka makahiki 2012, he ma kahi ʻo 2 miliona mau kānaka Polenekia (hapa a piha) kaʻapuni ka honua, noho ka hapanui o lākou i nā aupuni kūʻōkoʻa o Polenekia (ʻO Haʻamoa, Niue, Kuki ʻAilani, Tonga, a me Tūwalu) ai ʻole ma nā aupuni ʻē aʻe e like me ʻAukukelelia, Kili (Rapa Nui), Aotearoa, Palani (Palani Polenekia a me ʻUwea me Futuna), ʻAmelika Huipū ʻIa (Hawaiʻi a me Haʻamoa ʻAmelika), a me ka panalāʻau Pelekania o Pitikeina. ʻO Nūkilani ke aupuni me ka lehulehu Polenekia nui loa, me ma kahi ʻo 110,000 mau kanaka i ke kenekulia 18.

Ua kaulana ʻia nā Polenekia no ka holomoana ʻana, no ka mea ua hiki ko lākou mau waʻa i nā kihi mamao o ka Pakipika, a ʻo kēia ke kumu a lākou i noho ai ma nā mokupuni kihi kaʻawale loa ʻo Hawaiʻi, Rapanui, a me Aotearoa. Ua hoʻokō nā kānaka Polenekia i kēia holomoana ʻana me nā mākau kahiko e like me ka heluhelu ʻana i nā hōkū, nā ʻau, nā ʻōpua, a me nā lawena manu- ua hoʻokō ai nā mākau i nā hanauna a i kēia lā.

Molekumu

Hoʻolahalaha ka Polenesia o ka noho kolone ʻana o ka Pākīpika a puni ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Triangle Polynesian .

He kānaka Austronesia ka lāhui Polenekia ʻo nā kānaka Haʻamoa, nā kānaka Tonga, nā kānaka Māori Kuki ʻAilani me Aotearoa, nā Kānaka Maoli, a me nā kānaka Nuʻuhiwa. Like ko lākou molekumu me nā kānaka ʻōiwi o Taiuana, ʻĀkia Kauliki (ka ʻĀina Pilipino, Malaia, me ʻInidonesia Hikina), Maikonesia, me Madagaseka. Kākoʻo kēia e ka ʻōlelo hōʻike ōewe, ʻōlelo, a hulikoehana.

Hoʻolahalaha manawa o nā lāhui Austronesian

He mau kuhiakau o ka molekumu a me ke ʻano o ka holomoana ʻana o nā kānaka Austronesia, akā ua ʻaelike nui ʻia o Taiuana ke kuakahi o nā kānaka Austronesia o kēia lā, a ua haʻalele lākou ma kahi ʻo ka makahiki 3000 me 1000 BC. Ua hoʻopanalāʻau koke ʻia nā Moana Pakipika me ʻĪnia me nā mea holokai like ʻole e like me nā waʻa kaulua, nā waʻa maʻamau, a me nā peʻa huinakolu. ʻO lākou nā poʻe mua i holomoana mamao loa ai ma nā waʻa. Maopopo ʻia, ua hoʻokumu nā kānaka Polenekia mai kekahi neʻekau Austronesia ma nā Mokupuni o Melanikia, eia naʻe ua kaulana nā kuanakuhi hewa e like me Thor Heyerdhal, i ʻōlelo ʻia ua hiki nā kānaka Polenekia mai ʻĀmelika Hema ma nā waʻa makakumu, a he mau kānaka ʻumiʻumi ʻilikea lākou.

ʻO ka moʻomeheu Lapita nā kupuna o nā kānaka Polenekia, ua puka lākou mai nā mokupuni o Melanikia me Maikonesia ma kahi o ka makahiki 1500 BC mai kekahi hui ʻana o nā neʻekau o nā kānaka Austronesia mai nā mokupuni o ʻĀkia Kauliki i ke komohana, a kekahi neʻekau Austronesia kahikohiko aʻe mai Maikonesia i ka ʻākau. Ua kaulana ka moʻomeheu no nā pokela kāpala ʻia. Akā naʻe, ua hoʻokū kā lākou hoʻomahola ana i ka hikina i kā lākou hiki ʻana i nā mokupuni Polenekia komohana o Pīkī, Haʻamoa a me Tonga ma kahi o ka makahiki 900 BC. ʻO kēia ka mua loa o ka hoʻomahola Austronesia i ka Pakipika no 1,500 mau makahiki, a ua nalowale nā Lapita i ka hana pokela ʻana i kēia manawa nō nā kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia. Ua hoʻomau kā lākou neʻkau ʻana i ka hikina ma kahi o ka makahiki 700 AD, me ka hoʻomahola ʻana i Kuki ʻAilani, Palani Polenekia, a me Nuʻuhiwa. Mai ʻō aku, ua hoʻomahola lākou i Hawaiʻi i ka makahiki 900 AD, i Rapanui i ka makahiki 1000 AD, a i Aotearoa i ka makahiki 1200 AD.

Nā waʻa pahi mai Tahiti i 1827

Nā Kānaka

ʻO nā wahine hula o nā mokupuni ʻo Hawaiʻi i hōʻike ʻia e Louis Choris, c. 1816

He kiʻi o kahi kanaka Māori, na Gottfried Lindauer .

Kava ('ava) makers (aumaga) of Samoa. Ua noho kekahi wahine ma waena o nā kāne ʻelua me ke pola lāʻau tanoa (a i ʻole laulau) i mua. ʻO ke kū ke kolu o ke kāne, ka mea hāʻawi i ka 'ava, e paʻa ana i ke kīʻaha niu i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mea inu.

He koho ʻo 2 miliona ka nui o ka lehulehu o nā kānaka Polenekia (me nā hapa Polenekia) kaʻapuni ka honua, noho ka hapanui o lākou i Polenekia, ʻAmelika Huipū, ʻAukukelelia, a me Aotearoa. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā lāhui Polenekia ma lalo i nā hui like ʻole.

Polenekia :

• Kānaka Māori: Nukīlani (Aotearoa) - c. 744,800 (me ʻole nā mea 130,000 ke noho nei i Nuhōlani)
• Kānaka Haʻamoa: Haʻamoa, Haʻamoa ʻAmelika - c 249,000 (kaʻapuni ka honua: c. 500,000-600,00, me 109,000 i ʻAmelika me 145,000 i Nukīlani)
• Kānaka Tahiti (Maohi): Kahiki - c. 178,000 (me nā hapa: 250,000+)
• Kānaka Maoli : Hawaiʻi - c. 140,000 (me nā hapa: 400,000)
• Tonga: Ke Aupuni Mōʻī o Tonga - c. 104,000 (+ 8,000 Nūhōlani, 35,000 ʻAmelika, & 60,300 Nukīlani)
• Kānaka Māori Kuki ʻAilani : Kuki ʻAilani - 98,000+ (me 62,000 ma Nukīlani a me 16,000 e noho ana ma Nūhōlani)
• Kānaka Niue : Niue - c. 20,000-255 (95% o lākou e noho nei ma Nukīlani)
• Kānaka Tūwalu : Tūwalu - c. 10,000 (+ 3,500 ma Nukīlani)
• Kānaka Tokelau : Tokelau - c. 1,500 (+ 6,500 ma Nukīlani)
• Kānaka Tuamotu : Ka Pae Moku ʻo Tuamotu - c. 16,000
• Kānaka Nuʻuhiwa : Nuʻuhiwa - c. 11,000
• Kānaka Rapanui : Rapanui - c. 5,000 (me nā hapa a me nā mea e noho ana i Kile)
• Kānaka Tūhaʻapae : Ka Pae Moku ʻo Tūhaʻapae - ~ 7,000
• Kānaka Mangareva : Mangareva - c. 1,600
• Kānaka Moriori : Rēkohu - c. 738 (2013 Helu Kanaka Nukīlani)
• Nā Kānaka ʻUvea me Futuna : ʻUvea me Futuna

ʻO nā mea kūwaho Polenekia :

• Kapingamarangi a me Nukuoro : Nā Aupuni Hui ʻia o Maikonesia
• Nuguria, Nukumanu a me Takuu : Papua Nū Kini
• Anuta, Bellona, Ontong Java, Rennel, Sikaiana, Tikopia and Vaeakau-Taumako : Kolomona
• Emae, Makata, Mele (Erakoro, Eratapu), Aniwa, a me Futuna : Wanuatu
• Fagauvea : Ouvéa (Nū Kalekonia)