Pachacuti

ʻO Pachacútec Inca Yupanqui, i kapa ʻia ʻo Pachacuti , i kapa ʻia ʻo Cusi Yupanqui mai kona hānau ʻana a hiki i kona manaʻo mana, hānau ʻia ma kahi o 1400 a make ma kahi o 1471, ke keiki a Viracocha Inca lāua ʻo Mama Runtu Qoya. ʻO ia ka Sapa Inca IX a me ka mōʻī mōʻaukala mua o ka Inca Empire i ka hapa ʻelua o ke XV15 . kenekulia . Wahi a ka anthropologist a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo John Rowe, ʻo kona noho aliʻi ʻana mai ka makahiki 1438 a hiki i kona make ʻana i ka makahiki 1471.

</br> Ua koho ʻo Prince Cusi Yupanqui i ka manaʻo a me ka moʻolelo cosmogonic o Pachacuti i kona inoa aliʻi hou i kona poni ʻia i mōʻī, a lilo ʻo Pachacútec, ka " Mea hooponopono » , a i ʻole “ ʻO ka mea hoʻohaunaele i ke ʻano o ka honua » e like me ka ethno-historian a me archaeologist María Rostworowski, he loea ma mua-Columbian Peru nāna i kākau i kahi hana kuhikuhi no kēia Inca nui.

Hāʻawi ʻia me nā talena koa nui, a me ka noho aliʻi ʻana, e like me kekahi poʻe kākau moʻolelo a me nā archaeologists, me ke aliʻi ʻo Mayta Capac, he lanakila hoʻi, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Pachacutec i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke aupuni Inca nui. Ma ka ʻākau ua lanakila ʻo ia i ke aupuni ʻo Chimu, ma ka hema ua hoʻokuke ʻo ia a hiki i ke awāwa Nazca . Pela e wehe ai i ke au o ka lanakila, — Ua hoʻonui ʻia ʻo ia i kona wā e noho aliʻi ana e kāna keiki ʻo Tupac Yupanqui, e like me ia ʻo ke kuhina nui a me ka wā e hiki mai ana , ua hui ia ma ka mokuaina hookahi ka hapa nui o na aupuni o na Andes, i keia wa e hoomaluia e ka poe Inka.

I mea e kau ai i kona mana ma luna o kahi mosaic o nā ʻohana ʻoi aku ma mua o 500, me nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole, nā ʻōlelo a me nā hoʻomana, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e kānalua i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hoʻāʻo kipi. ʻAʻole naʻe ʻo ia he naʻi hoʻomake koko wale nō, ʻo ia hoʻi he luna hoʻomalu, e hāʻawi ana i kona aupuni nui me kahi hoʻolālā hoʻokele paʻa a maikaʻi. No laila ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻo ia i nā kūlanakauhale pio a pau ma ke ʻano hoʻohālike Inca a hāʻawi i ka mana i kahi caste o nā luna i kuleana wale iā Cuzco, ke kapikala o ke aupuni.

Ma kahi o 1463, hāʻawi ʻo Pachacutec i ke alakaʻi holoʻokoʻa o nā hana kaua i kāna keiki ʻo Tupac Yupanqui, ʻoiai ʻo ia i hoʻolaʻa iā ia iho i ke kūkulu ʻana i kekahi o nā mea hoʻomanaʻo nui o ka hoʻolālā Inca, e like me ka luakini o ka Lā ma Cuzco, ka pā kaua o Sacsayhuaman a me Machu ʻO Picchu, ka pā kaua e nānā ana i ka muliwai Urubamba .

Ka mōʻaukala

Ma ka nīnau e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o Pachacútec, ʻelua mau au moʻolelo a me nā anthropological. ʻO ka moʻolelo o kēia manawa, i hōʻike ʻia e Gary Urton (ʻo ia, i kēia manawa, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻaoʻao moʻokalaleo o kona noho aliʻi ʻana, ua haʻi ʻo ia iā ia iho i ke ʻano o Pachacútec) a me Reiner Tom Zuidema (es)</link> , noʻonoʻo i ka moʻolelo Inca he semi-mythical, a he ʻāpana o ka hui Andean cosmovision a socio-territorial. ʻO ka mea like ʻole, ʻo ke ʻano o ka mōʻaukala, i hōʻike ʻia e John Rowe lāua ʻo Martí Pärssinen, e noʻonoʻo ana, i nā ʻano like ʻole, ma muli o nā mea kākau, pili nā palapala a nā mea kākau moʻolelo i nā ʻāpana nui o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo .

Palapala puke

• Henri Favre, Les Incas, Paris, Presses universitaires de France, coll. « Que sais-je ? », 2020, 10e éd. (1re éd. 1972) (ISBN 978-2-13-038590-5)
• María Rostworowski (trad. Simon Duran), Le Grand Inca : Pachacútec Inca Yupanqui [« Pachacútec Inca Yupanqui »], Paris, Tallandier, 2008 (ISBN 978-2-84734-462-2)
• (en) Terence N. D’Altroy, The incas [« Les incas »], Wiley-Blackwell, coll. « Peoples of America », 2014, 2e éd. (1re éd. 2002) (ISBN 978-1-4443-3115-8)
• César Itier, Les incas, Paris, Les Belles Lettres, coll. « Guide Belles Lettres Civilisations », 2008 (ISBN 978-2-251-41040-1)
• (es) Waldemar Espinoza Soriano (es), Los Incas: Economia, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo, Lima, Amaru Editores, 1997, 3e éd.
• (es) José Antonio del Busto Duthurburu (es), Una Cronología aproximada del Tahuantinsuyo [« Une Chronologie approximative du Tahuantinsuyu »], Lima, Université pontificale catholique du Pérou, 2000
• Franck Garcia, Les incas, Paris, Éditions Ellipses, coll. « Biographies et Mythes historiques », 2019 (ISBN 9782340-035096)
• Rafaël Karsten, La Civilisation de l'Empire inca, PAYOT, coll. « Le Regard de l’Histoire », v.o. (finnois) en 1948, en français : 1952, réédité en 1972, 1979, 1983 (ISBN 978-2-228-27320-6)
• (es) Luis Eduardo Valcárcel, Historia del Peru Antiguo, Lima
• (es) Víctor Angles Vargas (es), Historia del Cuzco incaico, Lima, Industrial gráfica S.A, Chavín 45, 1998, 3e éd.
• Alfred Métraux et Abdón Yaranga Valderrama, Les Incas, Paris, Éditions du Seuil, coll. « Points Histoire » (1re éd. 1962) (ISBN 9782020-064736)
• (es) Julio Rolando Villanueva Sotomayor, Pachacútec El Gran Organizador del Tahuantinsuyu