Polenekia

ʻO Polenekia ai ʻole Polenesia (penikī: Polynesia, mai ka Helene πολύς polys "nui" and Greek: νῆσος nēsos "moku") (ʻŌlelo Tonga: Faka-Polinisia; Māoli: Porinihia; ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi: Polenekia ai ʻole Polenesia; ʻŌlelo Piti: Kai-Polinesia; ʻŌlelo Haʻamoa: Polenisia; Māoli Kuki ʻAilani: Porinetia) he kūlana o Oceania, me he nui aʻe a 1,000 mau mokupuni ma loko ka Moana Pakipika waena a hema. He Kānaka Polenekia nā kānaka ʻōiwi o Polenekia. He mau mea like ma kou lākou mau ʻōlelo, nā nohona like ʻole, a me nā piliwi kahiko. I ka wā kahiko, ua loaʻa lākou i he ʻano nohona holomoana, a ka hoʻohana ana i nā hōkū no ka holomoana i ka pō. ʻO Nūkilani (Aotearoa) ke aupuni nui loa ma Polenekia.

Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka inoa o Polynésie ma 1756 e ka haku liwele Farani ʻo Charles de Brosses, i kapa inoa kahiko nō nā mokupuni a pau o ka Pakipika. Ma 1831, ua wehewehe hou ʻo Jules DUmont dʻUrville ma kekahi hālāwai ma ka ʻAhahui Hōʻike Honua o Palisa. I ka wā kahiko, ua kapa pū nā mokupuni o ka Pakipika Hema nā Moku Kai Hema, a he mau Kānaka Moku Kai Hema kō kona mau kānaka ʻōiwi. Ua hui pū nā mokupuni o Hawaiʻi me nā Moku Kai Hema, nō kona ʻano kokoke i nā moku Pakipika hema, koe wale ka mea kūʻiʻo, aia ʻo Hawaiʻi ma ka Pakipika ʻĀkau. Hoʻokahi inoa aʻe, i hōʻalo nā manaʻo hewa, ʻo "Ka Huinakolu Polenekia". Hiki ʻoe ke maopopo aia ʻo Hawaiʻi ma loko o Polenekia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka "huinakolu."

Hōʻike Honua

Huli Honia

He honua liʻiliʻi kō Polenekia ma he wahi pana moana nui loa i loko o ka Pakipika waena a hema. He akahi a 300,000 a 310,000 mau km² (117,000 a 118,000 mi²) o ka honua, me ka hapanui (270,000 km²) ma Aotearoa. ʻO Hawaiʻi ka hapanui o ka hapa aʻe.

ʻO ka hapanui o nā mokupuni a nā paemoku Polenekia, ʻo Hawaiʻi a me Haʻamoa pū, he mau moku luapele i hānau mai nā luapele moana. He ʻāpana wale nā wahi pana ʻē aʻe ma Polenekia — Aotearoa, Moku Norefoka, a me Ouvéa, ka ʻāina Polenekia ʻē, kokoke iā Nū Kaledonia - o kekahi ʻāinapuniʻole palemo o Kīlania (penikī: Zealandia.)

Ua palemo ʻia o Kīlania akahi a 23 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku ai, a ua ala hou kekahi o nā ʻāpana no ka mea ua lilo ka neʻe ana o ka Una honua Pakipika me ka Una Honua Nūholani-ʻĪnia. Ua palemo ka Una honua Pakipika ma mua ma lalo o ka Una honua Nūholani. I ka manawa i lilo, ua a piʻi aʻe ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāinapuniʻole, o Aotearoa i kēia lā.

ʻO ka Wahi Iho Keremadeka-Tonga ka Palena kuʻi ʻākau iā Te Ika a Maui (Moku ʻĀkau), Aotearoa. Ua loaʻa kēia Wahi Iho i ka lau o nā luapele, a nā luapele i hānau ʻia nā pae moku o Keremadeka a me Tonga. Aia nā pōhaku kahiko loa ma Polenekia ma Aotearoa, a he akahi a 510 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO nā pōhaku kahiko ma waho o Kīlania ma ka Pae Mauna Moana ʻEmepela a he akahi a 80 miliona mau makahiki ke kahiko.

Wahi Pana

ʻO Polenesia (maʻamau) nā mokupuni ma loko o ka Huinakolu Polenekia, akā ua noho nā poʻe Polenekia ma kekahi o nā mokupuni ma waho o ka Huinakolu Polenekia. Hiki ʻoe ke ʻike i ka Huinakolu Polenekia inā e pili ʻoe i nā lae o Hawaiʻi, Aotearoa, a me Rapa Nui. ʻO nā pae moku nui ʻē aʻe ma loko o ka Huinakolu Polenekia ʻo, Haʻamoa, Tonga, Kuki ʻAilani, Tuwalu, Tokelau, Niue, ʻUwea me Futuna a me Polenekia Farani.

A he mau aukanaka liʻiliʻi ma Papua Nū Kini, Kolomona, nā Moku Karolina, a me Wanuatu. ʻO ka pae moku like pū me Polenekia ma waho o ka Huinakolu Polenekia ʻo Rotuma, ʻākau iā Piti. Kāʻana nā poʻe Rotuma a me nā poʻe Polenekia i nā nohona like, akā he ʻŌlelo Polenekia ʻole kō Rotuma. Pili kekahi o nā Moku Lau, hema hikina iā Fiji me Tonga. Akā, he wahi inoa nohona ʻo Polenekia no hoʻokahi o nā ʻāpana ʻekolu o Oceania (ʻo Mikonikia, a mea Melanikia).

Nā Pae Moku


Nā Aupuni a Nā Panālaʻau	Nā Noka
Aotearoa	Aupuni kūʻōkoʻa
Haʻamoa (Komohana)	Aupuni kūʻōkoʻa
Haʻamoa ʻAmelika	He panalāʻau o ʻAmelika Hui
Hawaiʻi	Mokuʻāina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū
Niue	He Mokuʻāina kūʻōkoʻa o Aotearoa
Norefoka	He panālaʻau o Nūholani
Pitikeina	He panālaʻau o Beretania
Polenekia Farani	He pānalaʻau aupuni o Farani
Rapa Nui	He pānalaʻau o Kili
Rotuma	He pānalaʻau o Piki
Tokelau	He pānalaʻau o Aotearoa
Tonga	He aupuni kūʻokoʻa
Tuwalu	He aupuni kūʻokoʻa
ʻUwea me Futuna	He pānalaʻau o Farani

Moʻaukala

He ʻāpana nā Kānaka Polenekia o nā kānaka ʻAusutoronesia, he mau ʻōlelo hōʻike ʻōlelo, hulikoehana a he moʻokūʻauhau a nā kānaka. Inā e ʻike ana i ka moʻaukala o nā ʻōlelo Polenekia, aia ke kinohi ma Melenikia, ʻAsia Hema Hikina, a me Taiuana. Akahi a 3000 a 1000 BCE, ua haʻalele nā poʻe ʻōlelo ʻAusutoronesia mai Taiwan i ʻAsia Hema Hikina.

Aia ma nā Moʻokūʻikena hulikoehana he mau ʻōlelo hōʻike no ke alahele a nā kānaka i haʻalele mai ʻAsia Hikina Hema. Ua manaʻo ia, ma mua o ka makahiki 1400 BCE ua hele nā "Kānaka Lapita" i ka pae moku o Bisimakak a me Melenikia ʻĀkau Komohana. Ua ulu kēlā nohona me nā ao i hala, i kona haʻalele mai Taiuana. Ua nalo ka ʻulu laisi, no ka mea ua pono i nā loʻi nui nō ka laisi, a aʻole he maikaʻi no nā mokupuni. Akā ua ulu nā Kānaka Lapita i nā kanu kahiko ʻAusutoronesia e like me nā uhi a me ke kalo (ua ulu ke kalo e like me ka laisi, ma nā loʻi), a ua ulu i nā kanu hou e like me ka ʻulu a me ka ʻuala.

I he ʻekolu ai ʻole ʻehā mau kenekulia wale i hala ʻai, ma wane o 1300 a 900 BCE, ua hāliʻi ka nohona Lapita i he 6,000 mau km i ka hikina mai ka pae moku Bisimaka, a i Piki, Tonga, a me Haʻamoa, i noho mua akahi a 3,000 mau makahiki i hala aku ai. Ua hoʻomaka kekahi hoʻomahele moʻomeheu me Piki i ke komohana, a me ka ʻōlelo Polenekia ke hoʻokahua ana ma Tonga a me Haʻamoa i ka hikina. He mau ʻōlelo hōʻike kahiko o ka ulu i kāʻana me nā ʻōlelo Piki a Polenekia, akā i kēia manawa kapa ʻia he "hōʻaiʻē" wale a ua manaʻo he lohi aku kēia ulu like.

Ma ka moʻaukala o ka holomoana a ka noho mua o Polenekia, loaʻa kekahi hakahaka, kapa inoa i ka hapanui o ka manawa ʻo ka "Hoʻomaha Lōʻihi" ma waena o ka noho mua o Polenekia Komohana ʻo Piki, Tonga, a me Haʻamoa, a he mea ʻē aʻe a me nā wahi ʻē ma ka hikina. Ua 1,000 mau makahiki kēia hakahaka. Aʻole maopopo nā akeakamai no ka mea ua loaʻa nā poʻe Polenekia i kekahi hakahaka o ka holomoana ʻana, akā noʻonoʻo kekahi ua lilo ke ao a ua pono nā poʻe e haʻalele i nā mokupuni. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaha lōʻihi ua hele nā kānaka i Polenekia waena a me ka hikina. Ua paio mau āhea ka noho mua a nā poʻe o nā mokupuni pākahi, akā ua ʻae nā akeakamai ua noho mua nā poʻe i ka waena ʻo Kuki ʻAilani, Tahiti, Mākesa etc. akahi o 1000-1150 CE, a ua hoʻopau ʻia me nā mokupuni ʻē aʻe o Hawaiʻi, Aotearoa a me Rapa Nui akahi o 1200 a 1300 CE.

Moʻomeheu

He moʻokūʻauhau kō Polenekia i ka noho mua ma Piki, Tonga, a me Haʻamoa, ma hope ka noho ʻana ma Bisimaka. He mau ʻōlelo hōʻike no ka pili ʻana o nā poʻe Polenekia i kēia lā me nā Kānaka Melenikia, e male ʻia nā kāne me nā wahine, he ʻōlelo maikaʻi no ka moʻomeheu wahine. Ua hala liʻi ka moʻokūʻauhau a māna wahine, akā ua māna wahine mau ka hapanui o nā poʻe Polenekia, a nā poʻe ʻōlelo ʻAusetoronesia. Ua nalo ka pokela Lapitaa i ka hiki mai ana i Polenekia Hema. Ua kū kahi ke ʻano, ka ʻōlelo, a moʻomeheu a nā Kānaka Polenesia ma mua o 1000 BCE.

He ʻelima mau hui ʻōlelo a nā ʻŌlelo Polenekia. He pani nā hui ʻōlelo nō nā hui ʻāina i loko o Polenekia, a ua hoʻohui nā hui ʻōlelo na Green ma ka makahiki 1966, a ua kōkua i ka hōʻoia ana o ka hiki mai ana o ke Kānaka Polenekia mai komohana i ka hikina. He hui akaaka kō Polenekia Hikina, a he mau mea i loko ko kēlā mau ʻōlelo, i nalo ʻia ma nā ʻōlelo Polenekia ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻano ʻōlelo o Mākesa ka mole kahikohiko loa o ka ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi, a ma hope ua hele mai nā poʻe Tahiti, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi. Aia ka mole o ka Māori Aotearoa ma ka waena o Polenekia Hikina, i ʻōlelo ʻia ai ma nā moʻolelo

Nā Moʻomeheu

Hoʻomāhele o Polenekia i ʻelua mau hui moʻomeheu like ʻole, Polenekia Hikina a Polenekia Hema. He moʻomeheu no ka lehulehu nui kō Polenekia Komohana. He kikoʻī ka male ʻana, ke kālepa , a me nā kānawai ma ka nohona. ʻO Tonga, Haʻamoa, a me Piki nā mokupuni o Polenekia Hema. Ua hoʻomaka ke ana noho mua o Polenekia Hikina mai Haʻamoa i nā mokupuni pālahalaha o Tuwalu, ʻo Tuwalu ka hoʻomaka o ka neʻekau i nā moku ʻē o Polenekia ma Melanikia a Mikonikia.

Ua lilo ka moʻomeheu Polenekia Hikina i kekahi no nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi, a me nā mokupuni pālahalaha, ʻo Niue, Kuki ʻAilani, Tahiti, Tuamotu, Mākesa, Hawaiʻi, Rapa Nui a nā hui Pakipika Waena ʻē aʻe. Ua hiki mua nā kānaka Polenekia Hikina i nā mokupuni nui o Aotearoa, a ua lilo ko lakou moʻomeheu i kekahi kopikala ʻole.

Aʻole like me Melanikia, ua koho ʻia nā aliʻi o Polenekia me ko lākou moʻokūʻauhai. Akā ma Haʻamoa, he ʻano ʻē, i hui ʻia ka moʻokūʻauhau a mea nā mākau e koho i nā aliʻi. ʻO Faʻamatai kēia ʻano koho aliʻi. Na Ben R. Finney a Eric M. Jones i ʻōlelo, Ma Tahiti ua loaʻa 35,000 mau Kāmaka Polenekia i ka manawa i hiki mua nā poʻe ʻEuropa, a ua hoʻokaʻawale nā poʻe waiwai, me he ʻai nui, a me nā poʻe nele a ʻuku, i ʻole ka ʻai.

Helu

Nā ʻāina i Polenekia
ʻĀina	Heluna kānaka
Aotearoa	4,942,500
Hawai‘i	1,415,872
Polenekia Palani	275,918
Sāmoa Komohana	196,130
Tonga	108,020
Sāmoa ʻAmelika	55,465
Rapa Nui	7,750

Kūmole

He ʻōmuku kēia mea. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, e kōkua mai i ka holomua ʻana i kēia mea.